Instantiations of the Dream:

• Thanks to Andrew Phillips (a tilting trike builder and tourer) here's one place: the Sylvester Stallone and Wesley Snipes movie Demolition Man. According to Phillips: "Within the first 30 or so minutes, a scene where the character that Snipes plays steals a doctor's car and escapes from prison. Though it doesn't actually show him stealing the car, it does show him driving the machine, weaving through traffic and pulling up to some kind of futuristic info teller. It is only a few second, but worth the a rental at you local video store for trike enthusiasts."

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Other links and articles...

• First, two amazing pieces of work:

Mitch Casto's thoroughly researched catalog of TTWs

Mitch Casto's thoroughly researched catalog of Human Powered TTWs

• http://www.motobykz.co.uk/ is an interesting site with lots of good articles and links to all kinds of bike-related meterial, but also, and especially, TTW content.
• the Virtual Design by Internet page has some good links and other interesting material about TTW (Tilting Three-Wheeler) and FF (Feet-Forward) designs and prototypes.
• A word about Feet-Forward design: it's interesting! In an FF vehicle, the rider sits in a position more like he or she might in a car, and might have back support, and might sit lower than his or her coutnerpart on a conventional motorcycle (i.e., motorized bicycle). I got into this whole tilting world through motor scooters which are naturally Feet Forward... but not like some of these guys have created!
• 1998 Snell, Antony. "Active Roll-moment Control Strategies for Narrow Commuter Vehicles", Vehicle System Dynamics v 29 n5 May 1998. Swets & Zeitlinger Lisse Netherlands p277-307 ISSN: 0042-3114 CODEN: VSDYA4
• 1998 Ashley, Steve. "This Tricycle Is Not For Kids", Mechanical Engineering, Feb. 1998 p12. [Mercedes Lifejet]
• 1997 (no author given). "A Mercedes You Can Lean In", Machine Design, Oct. 23 1997 p? [Mercedes Benz Lifejet]
• 1997 Sang-Gyun So and Dean Karnopp. "Switching Strategies for Narrow Ground Vehicles with Dual Mode Automatic Tilt Control", International Journal of Vehicle Design, Vol. 18, No. 5 (Special Issue), 1997 p518-532.
• 1997 Sang-Gyun So and Dean Karnopp. "Active Dual Mode Tilt Control for Narrow Ground Vehicles". Vehicle System Dynamics, 27, 1997 p19-36.
• 1997 van den Brink, C.R. and H.M. Kroonen (Brink Dynamics). Dynamic Vehicle Control for Enclosed Narrow Vehicles [has hand written across top..."Proc. 6th European Congress EAEC, Vol. 1, 217-226, July 2,3,4 1997 Villa Erba, Cernobbio Italy, publ. ATA]
• 1996 Hibbard, Robin and Dean Karnopp. "Twenty First Century Transportation System Solutions - A New Type of Small, Relatively Narrow Active Tilting Commuter Vehicle", Vehicle System Dynamics, 25 , 1996 p321-347.
• 1996 Blezard, Paul. "Perfect for the Puttering Purveyors of Pizza" [Honda Cabina & Canopy] & "How Britain Showed the Way" [Ariel 3 circa 1975 tilting trike scooter]. The Daily Telegraph [London England newspaper] March 16, 1996 p9C [?].
• 1996 So, S. [Sang-Gyun?]. "Development of Dual Mode Automatic Tilt Control Systems for Ultra-Narrow Commuter Vehicle", PhD Dissertation, University of California at Davis, 1996.
• 1994 (author?) [article about "Flexit" motorcycle sidecar] Hack'd magazine Spring 1994.
• 1993 Hibbard, Robin and Dean Karnopp. "Methods of Controlling the Lean Angle of Tilting Vehicles", DSC-Vol. 52, Advanced Automotive Technologies ASME 1993 p311-320.
• 1993 Hibbard, Robin and Dean Karnopp. "The Dynamics of Small, Relatively Tall and Narrow Tilting Ground Vehicles", DSC Vol. 52, Advanced Automotive Technologies ASME 1993 p397-417.
• 1993 Hibbard, Robin. "The Dynamics of Ground Vehicles with Active Tilting Suspensions, PhD Thesis, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Davis.
• 1992 Karnopp, Dean and Robin Hibbard. "Optimum Roll Angle Behavior for Tilting Ground Vehicles", DSC Vol 44, Transportation Systems ASME 1992 p29-37.
• 1992 Karnopp, Dean and Chih Fang. "A Simple Model of Steering Controlled Banking Vehicles. DSC Vol. 44, Transportation Systems ASME 1992 p15-37.
• 1990 Garrison, W.L. and Pitstick, M.E. . "Lean Vehicles: Strategies for Introduction Emphasizing Adjustments to Parking and Road Facilities." SAE Paper 901484.
• 1990[?] Beronius, George. "It's A Bike, It's A Car, It's a Unisport" [no other publication information article is about a small Anaheim, California based company manufacturing an open topped enclosed tilting trike with two front wheels adapted onto a motorcycle with front wheel removed. Owner of the company is said to be Raymond Carston] [one page]
• 1989 "D.S." (initials only printed). "Pendulum Trike", Popular Science Nov. 1989 p63 [Jephcott Micro tilting trike]
• 1984 (no author) "[Honda] Gyro" Cycle '84 Buyers Guide p116
• 1983 Egan, Peter. "Lean Machine: Logic and Substance from the Dreamer's Workshop", Road and Track, January 1983 p80B, 80C, 80D. [General Motors Lean Machine tilting trike]
• 1983 (author?) [Mother Earth News magazine"20 page information package" about 3VG tilting trike]
• 1983 (no author given). The 3VG (Part 1) Mother Earth News Sept./Oct. 1983 p106-8 [Prototype tilting trike by Shuttleworth]
• 1983 (no author given). The 3VG (Part 2) Mother Earth News Nov./Dec. 1983 p [prototype tilting trike by Shuttleworth]
• 1983 (author?). [article about "Equalean Sidekick" motorcycle sidecar] Road Rider November 1983.
• 1980 David Scott. "Tilting Trike- a car that really leans into turns." Popular Science July 1980 p95. [Jephcott tilting trike prototype]
• 1968 Li, Y.T. and J.L. Meiry and W.G. Roesler. "An Active Roll Mode System for Ground Vehicles", Trans. ASME, J. Basic Engineering, June 1968 p167-74.
• 1966 Li, Yao T. "Stability and Controlability of Vehicles for High Speed and High Traffic Permeability" Society of Automotive Engineers, Automotive Engineering Congress, Detroit Michigan Jan 10-14, 1966 (660024) [Massachusett's Institute of Technology experimental tilting trike]
• 1952? Bruce, Michael. "The Gamaunt Banker- the banking sidecar returns and this time Roger Gamaunt really has it..." [Reprint fro Hack'd motorcycle sidecar magazine ( Buckhannon, West Virginia USA)]

There are five parts to this site:

• Motorized Prototypes
• Human Powered Prototypes
• Designs and Simulations
• Patents
• TTW Links, Articles, and Related Points of Interest

And a note on intellectual property and copyright: as far as I know, everything on this page is available elsewhere on the web, and all sources are cited. Complaints and questions are always elcouraged, email me.